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DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY*

*see also the Society for Developmental Pediatrics Program

9:15am-12:00pm
Mini Course
4011 Stem Cell Transplantation
Chair: Nancy Bunin, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
This mini course will provide participants with an update on both the current status and future of stem cell transplant in pediatrics. Both malignant and non-malignant diseases will be addressed. Advances in graft engineering have made many of these advances possible, and this will be discussed in an overview of autologous stem cell transplant for solid tumors. Allogeneic stem cell transplant may be curative for some patients with hemoglobinopathies and metabolic diseases. Non-myeloablative approaches to hemoglobinopathies are a relatively novel approach, which may be curative without some of the short and long-term toxicities of a myeloablative regimen. Disease-specific characteristics that impact upon transplant outcome of patients with inherited metabolic storage disorders will be identified and discussed. Finally, the concepts of mesenchymal cell transplant and the future of mesenchymal cell transplant therapy will be summarized and discussed.

12:00pm-3:00pm
Mini Course
4104 The New Pediatrics in the Genomic Era
Chair: Isaac Kohane, Lyle Palmer and Scott Pomeroy, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
The sequencing of the human genome and the availability of large-scale genomic measurement technologies will change the manner in which clinical care and pediatric research is conducted. We will address how these genomic technologies, bioinformatics and genetic epidemiology can be applied in these endeavors.

Discussion
3:15pm-5:15pm
Topic Symposium
4200 Cloning and Embryonic Stem Cells
Chair: Judith Hall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

3:15pm-5:15pm
Topic Symposium
4201 Innate Immunity
Chairs: Robert Modlin, University of California, Los Angeles, CA and David B. Lewis, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA
Most microorganisms encountered in daily life by normal, healthy children fail to cause disease. Rather, they are destroyed within minutes or hours by defense mechanisms that do not require priming or pre-existing experience. This symposium will highlight advances in our understanding of such innate immunity. Pattern recognition by Toll-like receptors, a novel antimicrobial protein and the role of natural killer cells in resistance to viral infection will be discussed.

2:00pm-4:00pm
Topic Symposium
5700 Cancer, Blood and the Kidney: Common Themes
Chairs: Ellis D. Avner, President-Elect, American Society of Pediatric Nephrology and George R. Buchanan, President, American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
Many children with cancer, hematological disorders, or kidney disease have complex, multisystem problems. Advances in cell and molecular biology provide insights into the interrelationships of cancer, blood, and the kidney and have led to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the clinician. Such approaches are reviewed in this symposium, which focuses specifically on the nephrological complications of sickle cell anemia and bone marrow transplantation, hematological complications of nephrotic syndrome, and the molecular pathophysiology of WT-1-associated disorders.

2:30pm-4:00pm
State of the Art Plenary
5702 Developmental Biology and Pediatrics
Chair: David H. Rowitch, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
Basic studies of developmental biology can have profound implications for child health and disease. In this State of the Art Plenary Plenary, pediatric investigators at the forefront of basic science will describe recent advances in our understanding of development of the central nervous system, heart and blood with implications for the pathophysiology of congenital malformations, acquired disease and pediatric cancer.

2:30pm-4:00pm
State of the Art Plenary
5703 Insulin Resistance Syndromes
Chairs: Alan Rogol, Insmed Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Glen Allen, VA and Charlotte Boney, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI
Insulin resistance is the underlying factor in many of the consequences of obesity in childhood and adolescence, including ovarian hyperandrogenism, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and Type 2 diabetes. Obesity, dyslipidemia, and Type 2 diabetes are components of SyndromeX in adults, a serious public health issue. In addition, insulin has a role in the regulation of leptin, the major signal of adiposity to the brain. Dr. Arslanian will discuss insulin resistance in polycystic ovary disease and Type 2 diabetes. Dr. Freedman will review the cardiac risk factors related to insulin resistance, and Dr. Roemmich will discuss the insulin-leptin axis in obesity and puberty.

2:30pm-4:00pm
State of the Art Plenary
5704 Pediatric Research and the Human DNA Sequence: Approaching Defects of Host Defenses in the Genomic Era
Chairs: Jennifer M. Puck, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD and Stephen J. Chanock, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD

4:15pm-6:15pm
Topic Symposium
5801 IUGR—Recent Advances
Chair: David Carlton, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
Intra-uterine growth restriction leads to various adaptive changes in blood flow and metabolism which leads to fetal survival in an adverse environment. This session will address these adaptive changes which occur in-utero and the long-term impact secondary to these changes in the adult IUGR progeny. Dr. Battaglia will present information related to blood flow and hepatic metabolism in the human fetus/infant, Dr. Devaskar and Dr. Hill will present work in animal models that sets the IUGR fetus towards developing diabetes as an adult. Dr. Devaskar will present changes in various organs, while Dr. Hill will focus on changes that occur in the beta-islets of the pancreas.

4:15pm-6:15pm
Topic Symposium
5802 The Molecular Basis of Clinical Manifestations of Infection
Chair: Philip Brunell, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
This symposium will explore the molecular basis of the clinical expression of infectious diseases. The effect of a variety of different agents on the different organ systems of the human body will be presented by experts in their fields.

4:15pm-6:15pm
Platform Session
5901 Brain Imaging
Chair: William D. Gaillard

4:15pm-6:15pm
Platform Session
5902 Cardiopulmonary Development
Chairs: James Bristow and Bruce D. Gelb

4:15pm-6:15pm
Platform Session
5907 Neonatal Immunity
Chair: Cynthia F. Bearer

8:00am-10:00am
Topic Symposium
6000 Human Brain Imaging: Insights into Development and Plasticity
Chairs: Sherin U. Devaskar, University of California, Los Angeles, CA and Joseph J. Volpe, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
State-of-the-art imaging of the human brain has been achieved by advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Recent work with MRI and PET has provided remarkable insights into the structure and the function of the brain of infants and children during normal development and with plasticity. In this session, reviews of the insights obtained with such techniques as 3D-volumetric and diffusion tensor MRI, functional MRI, and PET-based studies of brain receptors and metabolism will be presented by leaders in the field. Emphasis will be on the most recent findings, including considerable unpublished work.

8:00am-10:00am
Topic Symposium
6001 New Strategies in Pediatric Heart Failure: Basic Science to Clinical Practice
Chair: Daniel Bernstein, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
Recent advances in molecular cardiology have dramatically improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of heart failure. These advances have led to the development of new pharmacologic tools for more effectively managing heart failure and avoiding or postponing transplantation. However, the benefits of these new approaches have not always been shared by pediatric-age patients. This session will review two major areas of recent research breakthroughs in myocardial damage and remodeling, discuss the issues involved in translating adult clinical trials into pediatric practice, and introduce an initiative by pediatricians in the Heart Failure Society to develop pediatric heart failure management guidelines.

8:00am-10:00am
Platform Session
6052 Developmental Biology I
Chairs: Emese Pinter and Rashmin C. Savani

10:00am-12:00pm
ASPN Symposium
6120A Molecular Basis of Renal Development and Disease
Chairs: Ellis D. Avner, Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, and Paul R. Goodyer, McGill University, Montreal Canada

12:30pm-2:30pm
Award
6400 March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology Lectures
Presented by the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation

2:45pm-4:45pm
Platform Session
6551 Cardiology I
Chairs: Michael Artman and Scott H. Baldwin
Includes Richard D. Rowe Award Lecture:
Subclinical Cardiomyopathy in the Mouse Model of the Very-Long-Chain-Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Vernat J. Exil

2:45pm-4:45pm
Platform Session
6553 Developmental Biology II
Chairs: Michael E. Fant and Lewis P. Rubin

2:45pm-4:45pm
Poster Symposium
6555 Gut Integrity–Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Chairs: Robert H. Lane and Philip T. Nowicki

2:45pm-4:45pm
Platform Session
6556 Mechanisms of Brain Injury
Chair: John D. E. Barks

2:45pm-4:45pm
Platform Session
6557 Mechanisms of Tissue Injury: Apoptosis
Chairs: Sandra E. Juul and Seetha Shankaran

2:45pm-4:45pm
Platform Session
6559 Novel Approaches to Neonatal Diseases
Chairs: Phyllis A. Dennery and Sherin U. Devaskar

4:45pm-6:30pm
Poster Session III
Developmental Biology

8:00am-10:00am
Topic Symposium
7001 Neonatal Cholestasis
Chairs: Frederick Suchy, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY and William Berquist, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
This symposium will highlight the significant recent progress made in defining the etiology of neonatal cholestasis. The advances in this area over the past few years have been breathtaking. For example, the genetic basis of a number of important pediatric liver diseases has been defined, including mutations in transporters that result in several forms of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. The viral etiology and genetic causes of some forms of biliary atresia have also been elucidated. Insight into liver development has also come form the identification of the gene responsible for Allagile’s Syndrome. Advances in these areas of research have been important in elucidating the pathophysiology of these disorders and have provided new insights into the molecular and cellular physiology of the normal hepatocyte.

8:00am-10:00am
Platform Session
7052 Developmental Pharmacology
Chairs: Sylvain Chemtob and Deborah G. McCarver

8:00am-10:00am
Poster Symposium
7056 Inflammation in Lung Injury and Remodelling
Chairs: Carl T. D'Angio and David Warburton

8:00am-10:00am
Poster Symposium
7060 Neuro Protection and Apoptosis
Chair: Sidhartha Tan

8:45am-11:45am
Workshops
7104 Introduction to Molecular Techniques in Pediatric Research Training: Basic Principles of Gene Regulation and Expression Analyses
Recent advances in cell and molecular biology have revolutionized our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying human disease. Subspecialty training in pediatrics requires a comprehensive understanding of the molecular methodologies involved in the current diagnosis and treatment of human disease as well as the future design of therapeutic interventions. This workshop is designed to provide the pediatric physician in training with an overview of some basic molecular principles relevant to understanding normal gene expression as well as aberrant gene expression resulting in human disease. Workshop modules will focus on participant identification of several common laboratory methodologies for DNA cloning, analyses of gene regulation and expression, and histological tissue analyses. Upon completion of this workshop, participants will be able to (a) describe three fundamental steps of gene cloning and analysis, (b) define two processes that regulate transcriptional control of gene expression, (c) identify two methods for analysis of gene expression in vitro and (d) identify two histological techniques for the subcellular localization of gene expression products in vivo.
Patricia L. Ramsay, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Departments of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

10:00am-11:45am
State of the Art Plenary
7201 Regenerative Medicine—From Stem Cells to Tissues
Chair: Clifford W. Bogue, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

10:00am-11:45am
State of the Art Plenary
7202 Pharmacogenomics: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications
Chair: James Padbury, Women & Infant's Hospital of Rhode Island, Brown University, Providence, RI
The availability of high density sequence databases for large segments of the human genome has lead to the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in many important genes. If these SNPs occur in regulatory regions of important catalytic proteins, occur in binding domains of transmembrane signaling molecules or occur in the regulatory region of a gene, they can profoundly affect the function of that gene and on an individual patient basis. It has become clear these mechanisms account for some of the highly variable, once considered "idiosyncratic", responses to drug therapy. Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genetics affects responses to drugs. Pharmacogenomics holds the promise that drugs might one day be tailor-made for and adapted to each person's own genetic makeup. In this symposium speakers will present prominent examples of how pharmacogenomic implications affect the biology of disease and therapy from the fields of behavioral genetics and sychotherapeutics, cancer chemotherapy and the treatment of asthma. The perspectives presented will help the attendee understand a pathobiological and clinically sound approach to these disorders. The discussion will include basic science, clinical research and an industry perspective on this rapidly emerging area of importance.

1:45pm-3:45pm
Hot Topic
7701 The Cytokine Controversy
Chair: William Keenan, St. Louis University, St Louis, MO
Recent evidence suggests that the inflammatory response of the fetus can result in brain and lung injury pre and postnatally. Are cytokines the mediators of injury or mere bystanders? What therapeutic interventions can protect the neonate? Is it already too late by birth? The speakers will present both the pros and cons of the inflammatory response and a panel discussion will attempt to summarize available information and suggest questions and potential strategies for future research.

1:45pm-3:45pm
Hot Topic
7702 Disaster Preparedness: Beyond 9/11
Chairs: Tina L. Cheng, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Danelle Laraque, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Benard Dreyer, New York, NY
The impact of 9/11 and the public health aftermath have affected us personally and professionally. This session will address what the child health professional needs to know regarding disaster planning and preparedness. Speakers will review and provide updates on national and regional systems for emergency management and how those systems interact with local public health agencies, the pediatrician's role in the community's preparedness including what the school system, the pediatric office and the patient should be doing to prepare and respond, recognition and management of chemical and biologic agents of terrorism, and the psychological reactions to disaster and stress.

1:45pm-3:30pm
Platform Session
7804 Neurodevelopmental Disabilities II: Autism, ADHD and Neuroimaging
Chairs: Ronald L. Lindsay and Nancy J. Roizen