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NEONATOLOGY

8:30am – 11:30am
Special Interest Group
4007 Newborn Nursery
The newborn nursery SIG will discuss Group B Streptococcus prevention and evaluation for newborn sepsis with the goal of developing a multicentered study of asymptomatic babies at risk. Current practice and protocols for the SIG study will be discussed and a plan established to answer the questions. Teaching our students and residents in the nursery a competency based curriculum presents a challenge. Each participant will bring their program’s needs, challenges and curriculum to discuss in small groups for "hands- on" experience in critiquing the existing curricula, developing a model curriculum and generating creative ideas for implementation. An update on screening for hyperbilirubinemia and treatment will be discussed in light of the JACO Kernicterus alert. Other topics will include circumcision, breastfeeding solutions and pain management.
Chair: Linda Meloy, Lmeloy@hsc.vcu.edu

9:15am – 12:00pm
Mini Course
4011 Stem Cell Transplantation
Chair: Nancy Bunin, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
This mini course will provide participants with an update on both the current status and future of stem cell transplant in pediatrics. Both malignant and non-malignant diseases will be addressed. Advances in graft engineering have made many of these advances possible, and this will be discussed in an overview of autologous stem cell transplant for solid tumors. Allogeneic stem cell transplant may be curative for some patients with hemoglobinopathies and metabolic diseases. Non-myeloablative approaches to hemoglobinopathies are a relatively novel approach, which may be curative without some of the short and long-term toxicities of a myeloablative regimen. Disease-specific characteristics that impact upon transplant outcome of patients with inherited metabolic storage disorders will be identified and discussed. Finally, the concepts of mesenchymal cell transplant and the future of mesenchymal cell transplant therapy will be summarized and discussed.

10:00am – 12:00pm
Educational Seminar
ES02 Bioethical Dilemmas: Making Decisions for the Not Yet Competent
This seminar will be a provocative interactive session on Bioethics. Through the use of cases and excerpts from literary works, participants will be encouraged to view decision-making from the perspective of parents and health care providers. The Principles of Bioethics will be presented, as well as the contextual considerations that force us all to wrestle with principles and theory, if we choose to do so. The goal is to raise the consciousness about the range of issues involved in making the best decision for the pediatric patient. In the end, choices must be made, and all those involved must live with these choices.
Susan Albersheim, British Columbia's Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada; and John D. Lantos, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL

12:00pm – 3:00pm
Mini Course
4102 Shifting Paradigms of Neonatal Sepsis
Chair: Pablo J. Sánchez, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
The changing epidemiology of neonatal sepsis in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) will be discussed, including antibiotic utilization for both early- and late-onset sepsis and benchmarking ideas for reducing nosocomial infections.

3:15pm – 5:15pm
Topic Symposium
4200 Cloning and Embryonic Stem Cells
Chair: Judith Hall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
There is enormous public interest in cloning and embryonic stem cells. This symposium will update the pediatric community on recent developments and raises a variety of policy and ethical issues.

3:15pm – 5:15pm
Topic Symposium
4201 Innate Immunity
Chairs: Robert Modlin, University of California, Los Angeles, CA and David B. Lewis, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA
Most microorganisms encountered in daily life by normal, healthy children fail to cause disease. Rather, they are destroyed within minutes or hours by defense mechanisms that do not require priming or pre-existing experience. This symposium will highlight advances in our understanding of such innate immunity. Pattern recognition by Toll-like receptors, a novel antimicrobial protein and the role of natural killer cells in resistance to viral infection will be discussed.

3:15pm – 5:15pm
Topic Symposium
4202 Stroke in Childhood
Chair: Donna Ferriero, University of California, San Francisco, CA
This session will update physicians on epidemiology and risk factors for perinatal and childhood stroke. Emphasis will be placed on identifying risk factors, increasing recognition, and providing possibilities for treatment.

3:15pm – 5:15pm
Poster Symposium
4256 Neonatal and Fetal Nutrition and Metabolism I
Chairs: Dennis Bier and Patti Thureen

5:15pm – 7:15pm
Poster Session I (Author Attended)
and Opening Reception
– Neonatology

7:15pm – 9:30pm
Alliance Club
4500A Perinatal Nutrition and Metabolism Club
Long-Term Developmental Consequences of Perinatal Malnutrition
Janina Galler, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA

8:00am – 10:00am
Platform Session
5054 Neonatal and Fetal Nutrition and Metabolism II
Chairs: Michael K. Georgieff and Satish C. Kalhan

8:00am – 10:00am
Poster Symposium
5056 Perinatal and Neonatal Infectious Diseases
Chairs: F. Sessions Cole and Roger G. Faix

8:00am – 11:00am
Special Interest Group
5114 Pain
The Special Interest Group on Pain in Children focuses each year on an emerging area in the management of children's pain. Topics at previous meetings have included long-term consequences of inadequately treated pain and development of institutional approaches to promote pain management. The focus this year will be on minimizing injection pain. It is particularly relevant given immunization schedules which cluster multiple injections at the same visit. The session will attempt to address behavioral and pharmacological approaches that decrease injection pain as well as strategies for implementing such approaches in busy ambulatory settings.
Chair: Neil Schechter, nschecht@stfranciscare.org

11:45am – 1:45pm
Poster Session II (Author Attended)
– Neonatology

12:00pm – 1:30pm
Alliance Club
5300A Perinatal Brain Club
The Use of Cranial Ultrasound and Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques in the Understanding and Detection of Neonatal Brain Injury
Linda S. de Vries, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, UMCU, The Netherlands
Petra S. Huppi, Children's Hospital, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Terrie E. Inder

1:45pm – 2:30pm
State of the Art Plenary
5590 Children as Victims of Bioterrorism: Protecting the Fragile Host
Chairs: Phyllis Dennery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA and Tina Lee Cheng, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
With the recent world events and new threats of biowarfare, what should pediatricians know? Due to their size and physiology, children are at higher risk of injury from bioterrorism. This session will address the biology, clinical manifestations, and possible preventive strategies for likely biowarfare agents. The unique vulnerability of the child will be addressed.

2:00pm – 4:00pm
State of the Art Plenary
5701 Children as Research Subjects: Ethical and Regulatory Issues
Chairs: Myron Genel, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
A number of highly publicized adverse events, including the death of two volunteers participating in non-therapeutic research, and the federal shutdown of research at many well-recognized academic institutions because of inadequate compliance with regulatory requirements have intensified scrutiny of the protection afforded to human subjects participating in research, including children. Furthermore a Maryland court has recently decreed that children cannot participate in research without the potential for direct benefit. As a consequence there has been increasing media attention and Congressional concern regarding the adequacy of institutional oversight and investigator attentiveness to established standards and regulations. In addition, new regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of l996(HIPAA) threaten the capacity to conduct health services and outcomes research. These issues will be addressed in the 9th annual Public Policy Plenary Symposium in an interactive format intended to stimulate dialogue among the members of the panel and with the audience.

2:30pm – 4:00pm
State of the Art Plenary
5702 Developmental Biology and Pediatrics
Chair: David H. Rowitch, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
Basic studies of developmental biology can have profound implications for child health and disease. In this State of the Art Plenary Plenary, pediatric investigators at the forefront of basic science will describe recent advances in our understanding of development of the central nervous system, heart and blood with implications for the pathophysiology of congenital malformations, acquired disease and pediatric cancer.

2:30pm – 4:00pm
State of the Art Plenary
5704 Pediatric Research and the Human DNA Sequence: Approaching Defects of Host Defenses in the Genomic Era
Chairs: Jennifer M. Puck, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD and Stephen J. Chanock, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
This session will provide a framework for understanding how genetics and genomics can accelerate progress in understanding defects in immunity and host defenses. Host defenses are used to demonstrate the general power of these technologies to elucidate pathogenetic mechanisms and predict disease susceptibility. This program will address classical and novel approaches to discovering genes underlying primary immunodeficiencies as well as characterization of modifier genes. A brief overview of the human genome, its structure, contents and relationship to genomes of other species will be presented in order to discuss current and future potential for understanding pediatric diseases and treatments. Emphasis will be placed on the continued prime importance of careful clinical observation, as well as the ethical and practical issues that genome science presents to society.

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Topic Symposium
5800 End-of-Life Palliative Care
Chair: Marcia Levetown, Independent Pain and Palliative Care Consultant, Houston, TX
53,000 children die annually in the United States and many more live with chronic, life-threatening conditions. Yet, pediatric education and subspecialty training do not currently prepare practitioners to care for these needy children, their parents, community and survivors. This symposium, presented by a pediatric hematologist/oncologist, pediatric palliative care physician and a bereaved parent, will discuss how to incorporate palliative care into pediatric care. Specific highlights are the presentation of an integrated model of care, beginning at the time of diagnosis of a potentially life-threatening condition, parental and patient perspectives on the fight against disabling symptoms and death, and the ethics behind the decision-making process that confronts the family and medical care team.

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Topic Symposium
5801 IUGR—Recent Advances
Chair: David Carlton, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
Intra-uterine growth restriction leads to various adaptive changes in blood flow and metabolism which leads to fetal survival in an adverse environment. This session will address these adaptive changes which occur in-utero and the long-term impact secondary to these changes in the adult IUGR progeny. Dr. Battaglia will present information related to blood flow and hepatic metabolism in the human fetus/infant, Dr. Devaskar and Dr. Hill will present work in animal models that sets the IUGR fetus towards developing diabetes as an adult. Dr. Devaskar will present changes in various organs, while Dr. Hill will focus on changes that occur in the beta-islets of the pancreas.

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Topic Symposium
5802 The Molecular Basis of Clinical Manifestations of Infection
Chair: Philip Brunell, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
This symposium will explore the molecular basis of the clinical expression of infectious diseases. The effect of a variety of different agents on the different organ systems of the human body will be presented by experts in their fields.

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Platform Session
5901 Brain Imaging
Chair: William D. Gaillard

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Poster Symposium
5906 Neonatal Epidemiology and Follow-Up
Chairs: Mark A. Klebanoff and Saroj Saigal

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Platform Session
5907 Neonatal Immunity
Chair: Cynthia F. Bearer

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Platform Session
5908 Neonatology—Patient-Oriented Research I: Clinical Outcomes
Chairs: Mark Gaylord and Thomas E. Wiswell

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Platform Session
5910 Pain: Opportunities and Outcomes
Chair: Robert M. Kennedy
FEATURED SPEAKER: Pharmacologic Management of Pain in the Pediatric ICU
Jeffrey L. Blumer

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Platform Session
5911 Pediatric Nutrition and Metabolism
Chair: Michael R. Narkewicz

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Platform Session
5912 Pulmonology
Chair: Marie M. Egan

8:00am – 10:00am
Topic Symposium
6000 Human Brain Imaging: Insights into Development and Plasticity
Chairs: Sherin U. Devaskar, University of California, Los Angeles, CA and Joseph J. Volpe, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
State-of-the-art imaging of the human brain has been achieved by advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Recent work with MRI and PET has provided remarkable insights into the structure and the function of the brain of infants and children during normal development and with plasticity. In this session, reviews of the insights obtained with such techniques as 3D-volumetric and diffusion tensor MRI, functional MRI, and PET-based studies of brain receptors and metabolism will be presented by leaders in the field. Emphasis will be on the most recent findings, including considerable unpublished work.

8:00am – 10:00am
Poster Symposium
6050 Advances in Clinical Nutrition
Chairs: Michael R. Narkewicz and David K. Rassin

8:00am – 10:00am
Platform Session
6052 Developmental Biology I
Chairs: Emese Pinter and Rashmin C. Savani

8:00am – 10:00am
Platform Session
6057 Neonatology—Patient-Oriented Research II
Chairs: William J. Keenan and Robert Perelman

8:00am – 10:00am
Poster Symposium
6058 Oxidants–Antioxidants
Chairs: Richard L. Auten and Ilene R. S. Sosenko

9:00am – 12:00pm
Workshop
6108 Orchestrating Death in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Approximately 10% of newborn infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit will die. Many care providers may feel ill prepared to deal with the ethical and psychosocial aspects as well as the practical aspects of managing death.

11:45am – 1:15pm
Alliance Club
6300A The 29th Annual Audrey K. Brown Kernicterus Symposium
Chair: David K. Stevenson and William J. Cashore
The 2002 Symposium will honor the memory of Dr. Audrey Brown

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Topic Symposium
6500 Antibiotic Resistance: The Race Is On (PIDS Symposium)
Chair: Joseph W. St. Geme III, Washington University, St. Louis, MO and Richard F. Jacobs, University of Arkansas, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR
In recent years there has been an explosion in the prevalence of antibiotic resistance. As a consequence, treatment decisions now are often complicated, and treatment is more and more commonly unsuccessful. In this symposium, speakers will review the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance, the current state in treating resistant Staphylococcus aureus and resistant gram-negative bacteria, and new approaches to antibiotic discovery.

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Topic Symposium
6501 Gene Nutrient Interaction
Chairs: Sherin Devaskar, Mattel Children's Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA and William Hay, Jr., University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO
Recent exciting advances in defining the human genome have provided new opportunities in research for understanding the regulation of gene expression. One important focus of this area of science is the role of the metabolic milieu on gene expression and function during critical periods of development. This session will address the effect of nutrients and metabolic conditions on three aspects of metabolic gene regulation. William Heird will discuss how essential fatty acids regulate the expression and activity of genes and gene products that in turn are essential for regulation of fatty acid metabolism. These processes are fundamental during fetal and neonatal life when essential fatty acids are particularly important for structural development of the central nervous system and for the provision of key intermediary substrates that coordinate the development and activity of such diverse functions as vascular tone, inflammation, and nutrient metabolism. Christopher Newgard will discuss how aspects of the metabolic milieu affect pancreatic beta cell development and function, and then will explore molecular engineering approaches to modifying pancreatic beta cell/islet gene expression of genes that regulate insulin production and secretion. Barbara Kahn will discuss the molecular mechanisms involved in causing substrate-induced insulin resistance, reflecting on conditional gene knockout models of insulin resistance in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Together these talks will provide valuable information about mechanisms responsible for the effect of nutrients and nutrient metabolic products on key regulatory genes involved in growth and metabolism, leading to increased insight into exciting research opportunities in potential therapeutic manipulations of gene activity.

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Poster Symposium
6550 Bilirubin: Bench to Bedside
Chairs: Vinod K. Bhutani and Jon F. Watchko

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Platform Session
6551 Cardiology I
Chairs: Michael Artman and Scott H. Baldwin
Includes Richard D. Rowe Award Lecture:
Subclinical Cardiomyopathy in the Mouse Model of the Very-Long-Chain-Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Vernat J. Exil

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Platform Session
6552 Clinical Bioethics
Chairs: Susan Hintz and Jon E. Tyson

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Poster Symposium
6555 Gut Integrity–Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Chairs: Robert H. Lane and Philip T. Nowicki

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Platform Session
6556 Mechanisms of Brain Injury
Chair: John D. E. Barks

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Platform Session
6557 Mechanisms of Tissue Injury: Apoptosis
Chairs: Sandra E. Juul and Seetha Shankaran

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Platform Session
6558 Nitric Oxide/Carbon Monoxide
Chair: Francis R. Poulain

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Platform Session
6559 Novel Approaches to Neonatal Diseases
Chairs: Phyllis A. Dennery and Sherin U. Devaskar

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Poster Symposium
6560 Perinatal Lung Growth and Function
Chairs: Lucky Jain and A. Keith Tanswell

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Platform Session
6561 The Lula O. Lubchenco Symposium on Neonatal Epidemiology and Follow-Up
Chairs: Virginia Delaney-Black and T. Michael O'Shea
FEATURED SPEAKER:
Virginia Delaney-Black

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Poster Symposium
6562 Ventilator Strategies: Benefits and Limitations
Chairs: James Cummings and Rita Ryan

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Alliance Club
6580A Milk Club
Breastfeeding: Global Advances. Environmental Concerns
Achieving Population-Level Increases in Optimal Breastfeeding: Evaluation of Demonstration Projects in Developing Countries
Nadra Franklin, Academy for Educational Development, Director of Monitoring and Evaluation, LINKAGES Project
Environmental Chemicals in Human Milk
Cheston M. Berlin

4:45pm – 6:30pm
Poster Session III (Author Attended)
– Neonatology

6:45pm – 8:15pm
Alliance Club
6700A Lung Club
Surfactant Proteins: Multifunctional Defenders of the Alveolus
Samuel Hawgood

8:00am – 10:00am
Topic Symposium
7000 Advances in Autism: Etiology, Imaging and Treatment
Chair: Daniel Coury, Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
The autistic spectrum disorders have received increased attention from the public and research communities over the past decade. Theories regarding the possible etiology of the disorder, techniques for better evaluating and diagnosing persons displaying symptoms, and evidence-based treatment options have all received attention. Panel members will present the latest thinking regarding these issues and discuss controversial findings that have confused clinicians and families.

8:00am – 10:00am
Topic Symposium
7001 Neonatal Cholestasis
Chairs: Frederick Suchy, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY and William Berquist, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
This symposium will highlight the significant recent progress made in defining the etiology of neonatal cholestasis. The advances in this area over the past few years have been breathtaking. For example, the genetic basis of a number of important pediatric liver diseases has been defined, including mutations in transporters that result in several forms of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. The viral etiology and genetic causes of some forms of biliary atresia have also been elucidated. Insight into liver development has also come form the identification of the gene responsible for Allagile’s Syndrome. Advances in these areas of research have been important in elucidating the pathophysiology of these disorders and have provided new insights into the molecular and cellular physiology of the normal hepatocyte.

8:00am – 10:00am
Platform Session
7050 Cardiology II
Chairs: Ronald M. Payne and Jeffrey A. Towbin

8:00am – 10:00am
Platform Session
7051 Clinical Trials: Perinatal and Neonatal
Chairs: David P. Carlton and Robin K. Ohls

8:00am – 10:00am
Poster Symposium
7056 Inflammation in Lung Injury and Remodelling
Chairs: Carl T. D'Angio and David Warburton

8:00am – 10:00am
Platform Session
7059 Neonatology—Patient-Oriented Research III: Metabolism and Nutrition
Chairs: Pamela J. Kling and Linda J. Van Marter

8:00am – 10:00am
Poster Symposium
7060 Neuro Protection and Apoptosis
Chair: Sidhartha Tan

10:00am – 11:45am
State of the Art Plenary
7200 Pediatric Pain
Chairs: K. J. S. Anand, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR and R. Whit Hall, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR

10:00am – 11:45am
State of the Art Plenary
7201 Regenerative Medicine—From Stem Cells to Tissues
Chair: Clifford W. Bogue, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
The potential to repair tissues and organs from stem cells has generated great excitement over the past year. Many diseases and pathological conditions, such as liver failure, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer’s disease and myocardial infarction, are now being viewed as potentially curable conditions through the use of stem cells. This session will focus on the developmental biology of stem cells and their amazing ability to give rise to many different fully-differentiated cell types. Investigators in the field of stem cell biology will discuss the potential advantages and limitations of using human embryonic stem cells, the plasticity of bone marrow-derived stem cells, and the therapeutic use of stem cells to regenerate damaged organs.

10:00am – 11:45am
State of the Art Plenary
7202 Pharmacogenomics: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications
Chair: James Padbury, Women & Infant's Hospital of Rhode Island, Brown University, Providence, RI
The availability of high density sequence databases for large segments of the human genome has lead to the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in many important genes. If these SNPs occur in regulatory regions of important catalytic proteins, occur in binding domains of transmembrane signaling molecules or occur in the regulatory region of a gene, they can profoundly affect the function of that gene and on an individual patient basis. It has become clear these mechanisms account for some of the highly variable, once considered "idiosyncratic", responses to drug therapy. Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genetics affects responses to drugs. Pharmacogenomics holds the promise that drugs might one day be tailor-made for and adapted to each person's own genetic makeup. In this symposium speakers will present prominent examples of how pharmacogenomic implications affect the biology of disease and therapy from the fields of behavioral genetics and sychotherapeutics, cancer chemotherapy and the treatment of asthma. The perspectives presented will help the attendee understand a pathobiological and clinically sound approach to these disorders. The discussion will include basic science, clinical research and an industry perspective on this rapidly emerging area of importance.

12:00pm – 1:30pm
Poster Session IV (Author Attended)
– Behavioral Pediatrics
– Neonatology

1:45pm – 3:45pm
Hot Topic
7701 The Cytokine Controversy
Chair: William Keenan, St. Louis University, St Louis, MO
Recent evidence suggests that the inflammatory response of the fetus can result in brain and lung injury pre and postnatally. Are cytokines the mediators of injury or mere bystanders? What therapeutic interventions can protect the neonate? Is it already too late by birth? The speakers will present both the pros and cons of the inflammatory response and a panel discussion will attempt to summarize available information and suggest questions and potential strategies for future research.

1:45pm – 3:45pm
Hot Topic
7702 Disaster Preparedness: Beyond 9/11
Chairs: Tina L. Cheng, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Danielle Laraque, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Benard Dreyer, New York, NY
The impact of 9/11 and the public health aftermath have affected us personally and professionally. This session will address what the child health professional needs to know regarding disaster planning and preparedness. Speakers will review and provide updates on national and regional systems for emergency management and how those systems interact with local public health agencies, the pediatrician's role in the community's preparedness including what the school system, the pediatric office and the patient should be doing to prepare and respond, recognition and management of chemical and biologic agents of terrorism, and the psychological reactions to disaster and stress.

Disaster Planning and Preparedness for Child Health Professionals
George L. Foltin, New York University School of Medicine and Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY
Biologic Agents of Terrorism
Anne Fine, New York City Department of Health, New York, NY
Chemical Agents of Terrorism
Fred Henretig, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
Helping Children Cope with Terrorism and Disasters
David J. Schonfeld, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
Discussion