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PULMONOLOGY

12:00pm – 3:00pm
Mini Course
4103 Sports Participation by Chronically Ill Children and Adolescents: Let the Games Begin!
Chairs: Dilip Patel, Michigan State University, Kalamazoo Center for Medical Studies, Kalamazoo, MI
This mini course will focus on helping children and adolescents with chronic illness take full part in sports play (competitive and non-competitive). The role of sports in the lives of our children has become increasingly important in the enhancement of their development. A variety of illnesses will be reviewed in this perspective, with emphasis on diabetes mellitus, asthma and developmental disabilities. Questions from the audience will be sought. The course will be taught by a sports medicine pediatrician, a pediatric endocrinologist and a neurodevelopmental specialist.

12:00pm – 3:00pm
Mini Course
4104 The New Pediatrics in the Genomic Era
Chair: Isaac Kohane, Lyle Palmer and Scott Pomeroy, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
The sequencing of the human genome and the availability of large-scale genomic measurement technologies will change the manner in which clinical care and pediatric research is conducted. We will address how these genomic technologies, bioinformatics and genetic epidemiology can be applied in these endeavors.

1:00pm – 3:00pm
Poster Symposium
4182 Historical Perspectives
Chairs: Thor Willy Hansen and James Kendig

3:15pm – 5:15pm
Topic Symposium
4200 Cloning and Embryonic Stem Cells
Chair: Judith Hall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
There is enormous public interest in cloning and embryonic stem cells. This symposium will update the pediatric community on recent developments and raises a variety of policy and ethical issues.

3:15pm – 5:15pm
Topic Symposium
4201 Innate Immunity
Chairs: Robert Modlin, University of California, Los Angeles, CA and David B. Lewis, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA
Most microorganisms encountered in daily life by normal, healthy children fail to cause disease. Rather, they are destroyed within minutes or hours by defense mechanisms that do not require priming or pre-existing experience. This symposium will highlight advances in our understanding of such innate immunity. Pattern recognition by Toll-like receptors, a novel antimicrobial protein and the role of natural killer cells in resistance to viral infection will be discussed.

8:00am – 10:00am
Topic Symposium
5000 Inflammatory Disorders of the Cardiovascular System
Chair: James Bristow, University of California, San Francisco, CA
Inflammatory diseases of the cardiovascular system remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and children. While we do not think of these as genetic diseases, the application of powerful molecular genetic tools to these diseases has begun bear fruit. This session will provide an update on the pathogenesis of Kawasaki syndrome, the importance of viral infection and persistence of viral genomes in dilated cardiomyopathy and transplant rejection, and the mechanism of autoimmunity in congenital complete heart block.

8:00am – 11:00am
Special Interest Group
5110 Complementary and Alternative Pediatrics
The Complementary and Alternative Pediatrics SIG will present two speakers, followed by planning for the creation of a web-based pediatric database / curriculum in Integrative Pediatrics. Sharon McDonough-Means, M.D., one of the first two graduates of the Integrative Pediatrics Fellowship of the University of Arizona, will speak on “An Integrative Approach to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment: Evidence – Based Strategies.” The next speaker will be the SIG’s co-leader, Sharon Riesen, M.D., Associate Professor of Pediatrics at Loma Linda University. She will speak about “Glyconutrients in the Treatment of Asthma: A Spoonful of Sugar is the Medicine Going Down.” The third hour of the SIG will be used to consider the creation of an Integrative Pediatric Database and Curriculum accessible via the Internet. Please join us for this exploration of alternative approaches to some common pediatric problems and the ensuing discussion and planning period.
Cochairs: Scott Faber, sfaber@mercy.pmhs.org, and Sharon Riesen, sriesen@ahs.llumc.edu

1:45pm – 2:30pm
State of the Art Plenary
5590 Children as Victims of Bioterrorism: Protecting the Fragile Host
Chairs: Phyllis Dennery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA and Tina Lee Cheng, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
With the recent world events and new threats of biowarfare, what should pediatricians know? Due to their size and physiology, children are at higher risk of injury from bioterrorism. This session will address the biology, clinical manifestations, and possible preventive strategies for likely biowarfare agents. The unique vulnerability of the child will be addressed.

2:00pm – 4:00pm
State of the Art Plenary
5701 Children as Research Subjects: Ethical and Regulatory Issues
Chairs: Myron Genel, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
A number of highly publicized adverse events, including the death of two volunteers participating in non-therapeutic research, and the federal shutdown of research at many well-recognized academic institutions because of inadequate compliance with regulatory requirements have intensified scrutiny of the protection afforded to human subjects participating in research, including children. Furthermore a Maryland court has recently decreed that children cannot participate in research without the potential for direct benefit. As a consequence there has been increasing media attention and Congressional concern regarding the adequacy of institutional oversight and investigator attentiveness to established standards and regulations. In addition, new regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of l996(HIPAA) threaten the capacity to conduct health services and outcomes research. These issues will be addressed in the 9th annual Public Policy Plenary Symposium in an interactive format intended to stimulate dialogue among the members of the panel and with the audience.

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Topic Symposium
5800 End-of-Life Palliative Care
Chair: Marcia Levetown, Independent Pain and Palliative Care Consultant, Houston, TX
53,000 children die annually in the United States and many more live with chronic, life-threatening conditions. Yet, pediatric education and subspecialty training do not currently prepare practitioners to care for these needy children, their parents, community and survivors. This symposium, presented by a pediatric hematologist/oncologist, pediatric palliative care physician and a bereaved parent, will discuss how to incorporate palliative care into pediatric care. Specific highlights are the presentation of an integrated model of care, beginning at the time of diagnosis of a potentially life-threatening condition, parental and patient perspectives on the fight against disabling symptoms and death, and the ethics behind the decision-making process that confronts the family and medical care team.

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Topic Symposium
5802 The Molecular Basis of Clinical Manifestations of Infection
Chair: Philip Brunell, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
This symposium will explore the molecular basis of the clinical expression of infectious diseases. The effect of a variety of different agents on the different organ systems of the human body will be presented by experts in their fields.

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Platform Session
5902 Cardiopulmonary Development
Chairs: James Bristow and Bruce D. Gelb

4:15pm – 6:15pm
Platform Session
5912 Pulmonology
Chair: Marie M. Egan

8:00am – 10:00am
Topic Symposium
6001 New Strategies in Pediatric Heart Failure: Basic Science to Clinical Practice
Chair: Daniel Bernstein, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
Recent advances in molecular cardiology have dramatically improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of heart failure. These advances have led to the development of new pharmacologic tools for more effectively managing heart failure and avoiding or postponing transplantation. However, the benefits of these new approaches have not always been shared by pediatric-age patients. This session will review two major areas of recent research breakthroughs in myocardial damage and remodeling, discuss the issues involved in translating adult clinical trials into pediatric practice, and introduce an initiative by pediatricians in the Heart Failure Society to develop pediatric heart failure management guidelines.

8:00am – 10:00am
Platform Session
6052 Developmental Biology I
Chairs: Emese Pinter and Rashmin C. Savani

8:00am – 10:00am
Poster Symposium
6058 Oxidants–Antioxidants
Chairs: Richard L. Auten and Ilene R. S. Sosenko

9:00am – 12:00pm
Workshop
6106 Integrating Genetics Teaching into Daily Pediatric Practice: Do I Really Need To Be Doing That?
Daily headlines flash new genetic discoveries revolutionizing the practice of medicine! What really has changed and what do we need to know? The goals of this workshop are to emphasize the relevancy of integrating genetics into every patient encounter, enthuse participants about the impact of rapidly exploding genetic knowledge/technology on patient care and physician responsibility and discuss the core genetic competencies our students need to acquire.

10:15am – 12:15pm
Platform Session
6200 Emergency Medicine/Respiratory Disorders
Chairs: Louis M. Bell and Halim Hennes

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Topic Symposium
6500 Antibiotic Resistance: The Race Is On (PIDS Symposium)
Chairs: Joseph W. St. Geme III, Washington University, St. Louis, MO and Richard F. Jacobs, University of Arkansas, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR
In recent years there has been an explosion in the prevalence of antibiotic resistance. As a consequence, treatment decisions now are often complicated, and treatment is more and more commonly unsuccessful. In this symposium, speakers will review the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance, the current state in treating resistant Staphylococcus aureus and resistant gram-negative bacteria, and new approaches to antibiotic discovery.

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Platform Session
6553 Developmental Biology II
Chairs: Michael E. Fant and Lewis P. Rubin

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Platform Session
6558 Nitric Oxide/Carbon Monoxide
Chair: Francis R. Poulain

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Poster Symposium
6560 Perinatal Lung Growth and Function
Chairs: Lucky Jain and A. Keith Tanswell

2:45pm – 4:45pm
Poster Symposium
6562 Ventilator Strategies: Benefits and Limitations
Chairs: James Cummings and Rita Ryan

4:45pm – 6:30pm
Poster Session III (Author Attended)
– Developmental Biology
– Neonatology

6:45pm – 8:15pm
Alliance Club
6700A Lung Club
Surfactant Proteins: Multifunctional Defenders of the Alveolus
Samuel Hawgood

8:00am – 10:00am
Platform Session
7051 Clinical Trials: Perinatal and Neonatal
Chairs: David P. Carlton and Robin K. Ohls

8:00am – 10:00am
Poster Symposium
7056 Inflammation in Lung Injury and Remodelling
Chairs: Carl T. D'Angio and David Warburton

8:45am – 11:45am
Mini Course
7090 Controlling Asthma in the New Millennium
Chair: James S. Seidel, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance, CA
Although we have an understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of asthma, the incidence, severity, and mortality from the disease is increasing. Twice in the past 10 years the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute has issued Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Asthma. These have not been widely adopted nor used. This mini course will explore the management of asthma in the emergency department and office setting and explore new methods to form care partnerships between practitioners, families and children to improve the care of asthma.

10:00am – 11:45am
State of the Art Plenary
7200 Pediatric Pain
Chairs: K. J. S. Anand, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR and R. Whit Hall, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
Critical periods for early brain development are associated with neurogenesis, neuronal migration, exuberant synaptogenesis, and developmental regulation of cell differentiation and apoptosis. Exposure to repetitive or prolonged pain during critical windows in development can permanently alter the neural substrates associated with pain processing as well as other behavioral domains. This symposium will describe age related changes in pain processing, recent advances in analgesic pharmacology for pediatric patients, and the long-term effects of neonatal pain on subsequent cognition and behavior. Translational research applied to pain processing and analgesic management will be emphasized, to provide the practicing pediatrician with the scientific rationale for current clinical practice.

10:00am – 11:45am
State of the Art Plenary
7202 Pharmacogenomics: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications
Chair: James Padbury, Women & Infant's Hospital of Rhode Island, Brown University, Providence, RI
The availability of high density sequence databases for large segments of the human genome has lead to the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in many important genes. If these SNPs occur in regulatory regions of important catalytic proteins, occur in binding domains of transmembrane signaling molecules or occur in the regulatory region of a gene, they can profoundly affect the function of that gene and on an individual patient basis. It has become clear these mechanisms account for some of the highly variable, once considered "idiosyncratic", responses to drug therapy. Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genetics affects responses to drugs. Pharmacogenomics holds the promise that drugs might one day be tailor-made for and adapted to each person's own genetic makeup. In this symposium speakers will present prominent examples of how pharmacogenomic implications affect the biology of disease and therapy from the fields of behavioral genetics and sychotherapeutics, cancer chemotherapy and the treatment of asthma. The perspectives presented will help the attendee understand a pathobiological and clinically sound approach to these disorders. The discussion will include basic science, clinical research and an industry perspective on this rapidly emerging area of importance.

12:00pm – 1:30pm
Poster Session IV (Author Attended)
– Neonatology
– Pulmonology

1:45pm – 3:45pm
Hot Topic
7701 The Cytokine Controversy
Chair: William Keenan, St. Louis University, St Louis, MO
Recent evidence suggests that the inflammatory response of the fetus can result in brain and lung injury pre and postnatally. Are cytokines the mediators of injury or mere bystanders? What therapeutic interventions can protect the neonate? Is it already too late by birth? The speakers will present both the pros and cons of the inflammatory response and a panel discussion will attempt to summarize available information and suggest questions and potential strategies for future research.

1:45pm – 3:45pm
Hot Topic
7702 Disaster Preparedness: Beyond 9/11
Chairs: Tina L. Cheng, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Danielle Laraque, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY; and Benard Dreyer, New York, NY
The impact of 9/11 and the public health aftermath have affected us personally and professionally. This session will address what the child health professional needs to know regarding disaster planning and preparedness. Speakers will review and provide updates on national and regional systems for emergency management and how those systems interact with local public health agencies, the pediatrician's role in the community's preparedness including what the school system, the pediatric office and the patient should be doing to prepare and respond, recognition and management of chemical and biologic agents of terrorism, and the psychological reactions to disaster and stress.

1:45pm – 3:45pm
Platform Session
7800 Asthma
Chairs: Ellen F. Crain and Richard M. Ruddy
Includes Ludwig–Seidel Award:
Does End-Tidal Capnography Predict the Need for Hospitalization in Acute Childhood Asthma?
Sergey Kunkov