Little is known about the etiology, treatment, or sequelae of infantile colic. Research has identified potential effects that colic may have on child development, parent-child relationships and family functioning. This year's SIG will describe a multidisciplinary outpatient clinical model of care developed to diagnose and treat infants with crying, sleeping, feeding and associated behavior problems. Pamela C. High, J. E. Twomey, C. F. Z. Boukydis, C. L. Miller-Loncar, V. P. Dalzell & B. M. Lester, all of Brown University School of Medicine, will present "What To Do When Colic Makes You Want To Cry: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach". Their treatment team is comprised of pediatricians, psychologists, and a clinical social worker. Clinical interviews, behavioral questionnaires and 24-hour infant behavior diaries are used to diagnose and to monitor treatment. The clinical approach presented in the workshop illustrates the benefits of integrating psychological and behavioral pediatric services into a single service for infants and their families. The presenters will describe how they examine the infant's crying and its interrelation with feeding, sleep schedules, and parent-infant interactions. An additional emphasis of the presentation is on treating the presenting problems and preventing future behavioral difficulties. Data looking at a possible relationship between maternal depression and colic from a sample of 90 families with infants with excessive crying will be presented. Data on diagnosis, treatment and outcomes from 50 infants recently referred to our clinic will be presented and 6 cases will be used to demonstrate application of this model. An important part of the presentation will be discussion of this technique's use in primary care settings.

This course will provide up-to-date information on genetics and epidemiology of renal and liver tumors in children, including Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma. We will discuss recent findings in germ-line mutations and familial associations. The course will inform the clinician of the emerging association of hepatoblastoma and premature and low-birth weight infants and introduce strategies for cancer surveillance in the high-risk child.

Genetics of Wilms Tumor
Max J. Coppes, Alberta Children's Hospital, Alberta, Canada

Cytogenetics of Renal and Liver Tumors in Children
Nancy R. Schneider, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX

Cancer Surveillance for Overgrowth Syndromes
Michael R. DeBaun, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO

Functional Foods in the Pediatric Diet

This topic will be presented by Walter Glinsmann, MD Fellow at the Center for Food and Nutrition Policy at Georgetown University.

Functional foods are defined as foods or food components that provide a health benefit beyond basic nutrition. These functional components may range from alpha carotene and fiber to probiotics and prebiotics. Many families are interested and aware of the functional value of foods and seek information from health care providers about their use in pediatrics. This talk will address issues specific to infancy and childhood with discussion of specific topics to follow.

This session will provide important new mechanistic information about the maternal, placental and fetal influences on certain adult onset diseases. Investigators undertaking studies that are on the cutting edge will provide an overview and share some of their recent experimental results during this session. The first lecture will concentrate on maternal health and its role on adult onset diseases; the second lecture will delineate the role of placental factors; while the third session will detail fetal origins of adult hypertensive disease.

Overview
Sherin U. Devaskar, Mattel Children's Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, CA

Maternal Health and Its Influence on Adult Onset Diseases
Judith G. Hall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

The Placenta Dilemma
Susan Fisher, University of California, San Francisco, CA

Fetal Origins of Adult Hypertension
Susan Bagby, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR

Discussion

The diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori in children is a controversy surrounded with questions of who should be tested, what are the most reliable tests, who should be treated, and what is the preferred therapy. A panel of experts will examine the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of infection, microbial and host factors, and the newly published clinical practice guidelines from the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.

Overview
Benjamin D. Gold, Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA

Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of Infection
John D. Snyder, Professor of Pediatrics, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco, CA

Microbial Genome and Virulence Determinants
Philip M. Sherman, Professor of Paediatrics and Microbiology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Host Responses as Determinants of Disease Outcome
Sheila Crowe, Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX

NASPGN Clinical Practice Guideline Summary and Recommendations
Steven J. Czinn, Director, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

The objective of this workshop is to address key issues concerning the use and safety of dietary supplements in infants and children. There is a growing body of evidence that nutrients and other bioactive components of foods play a significant role in health promotion and disease prevention in adults and this information has increased the use of dietary supplements in infants and children. However, little is known about the interaction between the use of many of these supplements and developmental physiology and behavior in children. Such knowledge is critical when evaluating either the justification or safety of this trend. Topics to be addressed at the workshop include: 1) Current usage patterns among infants, children and adolescents; 2) Evidence-based justification for dietary supplement use at various developmental stages; 3) Age-dependent factors influencing bioavailability, pharmacology and safety; 4) Behavioral factors that impact attitudes and beliefs about dietary supplements; 5) Biomarkers for the assessment of efficacy and safety; and, 6) Identification of research needs.

P. M. Coates, D. J. Raiten and M. F. Picciano, Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health & Office of Prevention Research and International Programs, National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD

The Human Genome Project is impacting every aspect of medicine. Dr. Craig Venter, President of Celera Genomics, one of the chief architects of this venture, will discuss the accomplishments of the human genome project and implications for future impact on health and disease in this special one-hour state of the art lecture.

Sequencing the Human Genome
J. Craig Venter, President, Celera Genomics, Rockville, MD

Supported in part by an educational grant from the Columbus Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH

Advances in molecular genetics and high through-put analytical chemistry like tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) are enabling technologies that permit expanded newborn screening for presymptomic diagnosis of disorders not previously feasible. The prototype genetic disease for which newborn screening is now available is cystic fibrosis. The group of metabolic diseases that can now be diagnosed by MS/MS includes medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency and related disorders of fatty acid oxidation. This symposium will address the issue of whether these diseases should be added to expanded newborn screening profiles. If so, what is the sensitivity and specificity of the currently available tests? If included in expanded screening programs, who should do the testing and how? What are the implications for genetic counseling? Should any of the new approaches be adapted to preconceptual testing? What important policy issues are created by this new capacity? There is substantial variation among states currently on screening programs. Should there be national guidelines? Who should decide about expanded screening? How will these new tests be paid and by whom?

Overview
James F. Padbury, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Brown University, Providence, RI

Newborn Screening for Cystic Fibrosis: An Opportunity To Give Every CF Patient a Healthy Start
Philip M. Farrell, Dean and Alfred Dorrance Daniels Professor on Diseases of Children, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, WI

Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Expanded Newborn Screening
Charles R. Roe, Medical Director, Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX

Public Policy Issues in Expanded Newborn Screening
Bradford L. Therrell, Director and Professor, National Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX

Part One of this session will address emerging data concerning nitric oxide use in the NICU. Controversies, uses, abuses and treatment of the LBW infant and the child with acutely decompensated CLD will be discussed.

Part Two of this session will cover the expanding understanding of hyperinsulinemic neonatal hypoglycemia. Presentation, diagnosis, identification of focal versus diffuse hypersecretion and the results of tailored interventions will be discussed.

Expanded Uses of Nitric Oxide in the Neonate
John P. Kinsella, University of Colorado, Children's Hospital, Denver, CO

Roberta A. Ballard, University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital, Philadelphia, PA

Krisa P. Van Meurs, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA